System Integration Architectures for Building Management Systems in HVAC, Electrical, and Fire-Life Safety Environments

Paulson Geo Philip

Citation: Paulson Geo Philip, "System Integration Architectures for Building Management Systems in HVAC, Electrical, and Fire-Life Safety Environments", Universal Library of Engineering Technology, Volume 03, Issue 03.

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Building management systems now connect HVAC, electrical, fire and life safety, security, lighting, metering, and ELV subsystems within a single operational environment. In commercial high-rise buildings, this connection affects equipment control, alarm traceability, emergency sequences, maintenance planning, and long-term serviceability. The study examines BMS integration architectures through an analytical review of ten recent scholarly sources and technical standards issued from 2021 to 2025. The source base covers BACnet communication, building automation functions, IoT-enabled energy management, smart building adoption, data-driven BMS models, BAS integration, and emergency control interfaces. The article identifies three architectural priorities: layered control separation, multi-vendor interoperability, and commissioning-based validation of HVAC, electrical, and fire-life safety interfaces. The resulting model links protocol selection, point governance, cause-and-effect testing, alarm management, trend review, and maintenance feedback. The proposed logic suits commercial buildings operating under high temperature, dust, humidity, and long operating hours, where BMS performance depends on traceable integration.


Keywords: Building Management Systems, BMS Integration, HVAC Automation, BACnet, Fire-Life Safety, Electrical Systems, ELV Interfaces, Smart Buildings, Commissioning, Multi-Vendor Architecture.

Download doi https://doi.org/10.70315/uloap.ulete.2026.0303002